{"id":284748,"date":"2026-08-04T15:49:35","date_gmt":"2026-08-04T13:49:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/?p=284748"},"modified":"2026-08-04T17:17:12","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T15:17:12","slug":"photovoltaic-public-roofs-pniec-2030","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/en\/fotovoltaico-tetti-pubblici-pniec-2030\/","title":{"rendered":"Solar PV on public roofs: how much can it contribute to the 2030 NECP?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"heiwit-pa-study\">\n<p class=\"heiwit-pa-lead\">Italy must rapidly increase its photovoltaic capacity by 2030. The roofs of public buildings do not solve the problem on their own, but they can represent a significant share without taking up new land.<\/p>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-kpis\">\n<div><strong>79.2 GW<\/strong><span>PNIEC 2030 photovoltaic target<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong>37,002 GW<\/strong><span>operational capacity at the end of 2024<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong>42,198 GW<\/strong><span>arithmetic gap<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong>5.68 GW<\/strong><span>theoretical potential declared by the model<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-warning\"><strong>Transparency notice.<\/strong> The values 5.68 GW, 7.53 TWh\/year and 6.8 billion euros are results declared by the Heiwit model. The document audit of 4 August 2026 was unable to replicate them in full because detailed datasets, code, API logs, bootstrap outputs, GSE matching and cash flow were missing from the material received. The limitation is stated, not hidden.<\/div>\n<section class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-section\" aria-labelledby=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-1-title\">\n<h2 id=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-1-title\">The chapter in 8 slides<\/h2>\n<p class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-intro\">Scroll through the original carousel created for this chapter. The images have been optimised for the web and uploaded to the WordPress Media Library.<\/p>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel\" data-heiwit-carousel tabindex=\"0\" aria-roledescription=\"carosello\" aria-label=\"Solar PV on public roofs: how much can it contribute to the 2030 NECP?\"><span class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-badge\">Original slides \u00b7 audited data in the text<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-viewport\" data-carousel-viewport>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-track\">\n<figure class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-slide\" data-carousel-slide aria-label=\"Slide 1 of 8\"><img width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-01-819x1024.webp\" class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-image\" alt=\"The hidden potential of Italian public administration roofs\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-01-819x1024.webp 819w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-01-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-01-768x960.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-01.webp 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption><span>1\/8<\/span>The hidden potential of Italian public administration roofs<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-slide\" data-carousel-slide aria-label=\"Slide 2 of 8\"><img width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-02-819x1024.webp\" class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-image\" alt=\"PNIEC 2030 photovoltaic target and installed capacity at the end of 2024\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-02-819x1024.webp 819w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-02-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-02-768x960.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-02.webp 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption><span>2\/8<\/span>PNIEC 2030 photovoltaic target and installed capacity at the end of 2024<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-slide\" data-carousel-slide aria-label=\"Slide 3 of 8\"><img width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-03-819x1024.webp\" class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-image\" alt=\"The annual rate required to close the photovoltaic gap\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-03-819x1024.webp 819w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-03-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-03-768x960.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-03.webp 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption><span>3\/8<\/span>The annual rate required to close the photovoltaic gap<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-slide\" data-carousel-slide aria-label=\"Slide 4 of 8\"><img width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-04-819x1024.webp\" class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-image\" alt=\"Public roofs as an available infrastructure without consuming new land\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-04-819x1024.webp 819w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-04-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-04-768x960.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-04.webp 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption><span>4\/8<\/span>Public roofs as an available infrastructure without consuming new land<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-slide\" data-carousel-slide aria-label=\"Slide 5 of 8\"><img width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-05-819x1024.webp\" class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-image\" alt=\"Schools, hospitals, town halls and public offices: four advantages\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-05-819x1024.webp 819w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-05-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-05-768x960.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-05.webp 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption><span>5\/8<\/span>Schools, hospitals, town halls and public offices: four advantages<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-slide\" data-carousel-slide aria-label=\"Slide 6 of 8\"><img width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-06-819x1024.webp\" class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-image\" alt=\"Photovoltaic generation and daytime electricity demand of the public administration\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-06-819x1024.webp 819w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-06-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-06-768x960.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-06.webp 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption><span>6\/8<\/span>Photovoltaic generation and daytime electricity demand of the public administration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-slide\" data-carousel-slide aria-label=\"Slide 7 of 8\"><img width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-07-819x1024.webp\" class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-image\" alt=\"Why a bottom-up, building-by-building estimate is needed\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-07-819x1024.webp 819w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-07-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-07-768x960.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-07.webp 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption><span>7\/8<\/span>Why a bottom-up, building-by-building estimate is needed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-slide\" data-carousel-slide aria-label=\"Slide 8 of 8\"><a class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-report-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/en\/studio-potenziale-fotovoltaico-tetti-pubblica-amministrazione\/\" aria-label=\"Go to the practice&#039;s main page\"><img width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-08-819x1024.webp\" class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-image\" alt=\"The national frame of 41,254 elements and access to the study\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-08-819x1024.webp 819w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-08-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-08-768x960.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/slide-08.webp 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><\/a><figcaption><span>8\/8<\/span>The national frame of 41,254 elements and access to the study<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><button class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-control prev\" type=\"button\" data-carousel-prev aria-label=\"Show the previous slide\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2039<\/span><\/button><button class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-control next\" type=\"button\" data-carousel-next aria-label=\"Show the next slide\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u203a<\/span><\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-footer\">\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-dots\" data-carousel-dots role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Select a slide\"><button type=\"button\" data-carousel-dot=\"0\" role=\"tab\" aria-label=\"Go to slide 1\" aria-selected=\"true\"><\/button><button type=\"button\" data-carousel-dot=\"1\" role=\"tab\" aria-label=\"Go to slide 2\" aria-selected=\"false\"><\/button><button type=\"button\" data-carousel-dot=\"2\" role=\"tab\" aria-label=\"Go to slide 3\" aria-selected=\"false\"><\/button><button type=\"button\" data-carousel-dot=\"3\" role=\"tab\" aria-label=\"Go to slide 4\" aria-selected=\"false\"><\/button><button type=\"button\" data-carousel-dot=\"4\" role=\"tab\" aria-label=\"Go to slide 5\" aria-selected=\"false\"><\/button><button type=\"button\" data-carousel-dot=\"5\" role=\"tab\" aria-label=\"Go to slide 6\" aria-selected=\"false\"><\/button><button type=\"button\" data-carousel-dot=\"6\" role=\"tab\" aria-label=\"Go to slide 7\" aria-selected=\"false\"><\/button><button type=\"button\" data-carousel-dot=\"7\" role=\"tab\" aria-label=\"Go to slide 8\" aria-selected=\"false\"><\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-counter\" aria-live=\"polite\"><span data-carousel-current>1<\/span><span aria-hidden=\"true\"> \/ <\/span>8<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-hint\">On your smartphone swipe sideways. From the keyboard use the left and right arrows.<\/p>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-carousel-audit\"><strong>Carousel audit note.<\/strong> The phrase \u201c41,254 public buildings\u201d in the original slides has been clarified in the article: these are OpenStreetMap elements functionally traceable to the public administration, not a cadastral verification of public ownership.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<h2>The gap to bridge<\/h2>\n<p>The 2024 NECP indicates 79.2 GW of solar PV by 2030. GSE records 37,002 MW in operation at the end of 2024. The arithmetic difference is therefore 42.198 GW. This is neither a market forecast nor a \u00abnet\u00bb requirement already adjusted for retirements, delays or target revisions: it is the transparent comparison of two official figures.<\/p>\n<p>The theoretical result of 5.68 GW produced by the Heiwit model would have two correct interpretations: it would represent 7.17% of the total target of 79.2 GW and 13.46% of the arithmetic gap compared with the 2024 capacity. Simply writing \u00ab7\u201314% of the PNIEC\u00bb would be ambiguous, as it would mix two different denominators.<\/p>\n<h2>Why start with public roofs<\/h2>\n<p>The roofs of schools, hospitals and offices are existing surfaces. This reduces conflict with land consumption, but does not eliminate constraints. Each project requires at least a structural assessment, legal availability of the roof, permits, landscape and cultural compatibility, fire prevention, maintenance accessibility and grid connection capacity.<\/p>\n<p>The second reason is the consumption profile. Hospitals and offices normally present loads during daytime hours; schools have a more seasonal profile and require specific analysis of the summer months. For this reason it is not correct to apply the same self-consumption percentage to every building.<\/p>\n<h2>A distributed power station, not a single power station<\/h2>\n<p>The strategic value lies not only in power. A national programme for public roofs would be distributed, visible and repeatable. It could aggregate homogeneous buildings, standardise specifications, reduce design costs and activate ESCo models or partnerships. The flip side of the coin is fragmented governance between the state, regions, municipalities, health authorities and other bodies.<\/p>\n<h2>How much of it would actually be installable?<\/h2>\n<p>The model provides a theoretical technical potential. Applying a forward-looking scenario of 60\u201380%, the capacity would be 3.41\u20134.54 GW, equivalent to 8.08\u201310.77% of the PNIEC gap. This scenario does not derive directly from the stated GSE validation and should not be presented as an observed rate. Instead, a building-by-building filter is required.<\/p>\n<h2>The correct conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>Public roofs are not a shortcut and do not replace utility-scale, industrial self-consumption or residential solar PV. However, they are a pre-existing infrastructure that deserves a verifiable technical inventory and a dedicated national strategy.<\/p>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-series\"><strong>Complete series<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/en\/fotovoltaico-tetti-pubblici-pniec-2030\/\">Public roofs and National Integrated Energy and Climate Plan 2030<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/en\/metodo-stima-potenziale-fotovoltaico-edifici-pubblici\/\">How was the model built<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/en\/potenziale-fotovoltaico-tetti-pa-568-gw-753-twh\/\">5.68 GW and 7.53 TWh: results and significance<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/en\/costo-fotovoltaico-tetti-pubblici-capex-lcoe\/\">Economics of public intervention<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/en\/pubblica-amministrazione-autosufficienza-energia-fotovoltaico\/\">Energy, self-consumption and emissions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/en\/piano-operativo-fotovoltaico-edifici-pubblici\/\">From potential to operational plan<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"heiwit-pa-cta\">\n<h2>Check the full study<\/h2>\n<p>Methodology, results, audit limitations and all further details are gathered on the main page of the Heiwit study.<\/p>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-cta-actions\"><a class=\"heiwit-pa-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/en\/studio-potenziale-fotovoltaico-tetti-pubblica-amministrazione\/\">Go to the full study<\/a><a class=\"heiwit-pa-button secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/en\/contact-us\/\">Contact Heiwit<\/a><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<div class=\"heiwit-pa-sources\">\n<h2>Sources and attributions<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mase.gov.it\/portale\/documents\/d\/guest\/pniec_2024_revfin_01072024-pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MASE \u2014 National Integrated Energy and Climate Plan, definitive 2024 version<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gse.it\/documenti_site\/Documenti%20GSE\/Rapporti%20statistici\/Solare%20Fotovoltaico%20-%20Rapporto%20Statistico%202024.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GSE \u2014 Solar Photovoltaic Statistical Report 2024<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/IT\/TXT\/HTML\/?uri=OJ:L_202401275\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Directive (EU) 2024\/1275, Article 10<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The NECP target, the photovoltaic capacity gap and the theoretical contribution of Italian public building roofs.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":284739,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[122],"tags":[88,124,123,125,126],"class_list":["post-284748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-studi-e-ricerche","tag-fotovoltaico","tag-pniec-2030","tag-pubblica-amministrazione","tag-tetti-pubblici","tag-transizione-energetica"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Fotovoltaico sui tetti pubblici e PNIEC 2030 | Studio Heiwit<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Quanto possono contribuire scuole, ospedali e municipi al target FV 2030? 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