{"id":547,"date":"2024-02-02T11:27:30","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T10:27:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/?p=547"},"modified":"2024-05-07T11:34:23","modified_gmt":"2024-05-07T09:34:23","slug":"jake-jsou-ucinky-energie-z-fosilnich-paliv-a-jake-jsou-jejich-dusledky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/cs\/effetti-dellenergia-da-fonti-fossili-cosa-sono-e-quali-sono-le-conseguenze\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00da\u010dinky energie z fosiln\u00edch paliv: jak\u00e9 jsou a jak\u00e9 jsou jejich d\u016fsledky"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mluvili jsme o klimatick\u00e1 krize.<\/a> Dnes si vysv\u011btl\u00edme jednu z p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, kter\u00e1 tento nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd ekologick\u00fd jev vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Za probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 tr\u00e1p\u00ed na\u0161i planetu, stoj\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed, kter\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k tvorb\u011b smogu a vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed CO2. Energetick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, kter\u00fd je podle EEA zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dv\u011b t\u0159etiny emis\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek, \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 fosiln\u00ed paliva. <\/strong>k v\u00fdrob\u011b elekt\u0159iny, \u010d\u00edm\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k n\u00e1r\u016fstu oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho a dal\u0161\u00edch \u0161kodliv\u00fdch l\u00e1tek v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Co jsou to fosiln\u00ed paliva?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

I fosiln\u00ed paliva <\/strong>jsou p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje organick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu, kter\u00e9 vznikaly miliony let rozkladem \u017eiv\u00fdch organism\u016f, jako jsou rostliny a \u017eivo\u010dichov\u00e9, poh\u0159ben\u00fdch pod vrstvami sediment\u016f. Tyto organick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly proch\u00e1zej\u00ed procesem chemick\u00e9 p\u0159em\u011bny zn\u00e1m\u00fdm jako litifikace, kter\u00fd je p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje na energeticky bohat\u00e1 uhl\u00edkat\u00e1 lo\u017eiska, jako je uhl\u00ed, ropa a zemn\u00ed plyn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bkdo by si po t\u011bchto informac\u00edch mohl pomyslet: pokud se jedn\u00e1 o p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje, pro\u010d se o n\u011b tolik zaj\u00edm\u00e1me?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tato paliva se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed vysok\u00fdm obsahem uhl\u00edku a vod\u00edku a celosv\u011btov\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako hlavn\u00ed zdroje energie pro v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny, vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed, dopravu a pr\u016fmysl. P\u0159i jejich spalov\u00e1n\u00ed se v\u0161ak do atmosf\u00e9ry uvol\u0148uje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek, co\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed a zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Pod\u00edvejme se na tuto problematiku podrobn\u011bji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fosiln\u00ed paliva: pou\u017eit\u00ed, v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edch paliv m\u00e1 historick\u00e9 ko\u0159eny sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e do konce 18. stolet\u00ed.<\/a>, b\u011bhem pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce v Evrop\u011b a Severn\u00ed Americe. V tomto obdob\u00ed do\u0161lo k prudk\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu popt\u00e1vky pr\u016fmyslu po energii, kter\u00e1 byla a\u017e do 50. let 20. stolet\u00ed uspokojov\u00e1na p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm uhl\u00ed. Zejm\u00e9na Anglie t\u011b\u017eila z p\u0159\u00edtomnosti uheln\u00fdch lo\u017eisek, kter\u00e1 poh\u00e1n\u011bla po\u010d\u00e1tek pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu 20. stolet\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b vzrostlo vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edch paliv.<\/strong>, ropa postupn\u011b nahradila uhl\u00ed jako hlavn\u00ed zdroj energie, proto\u017ee je ekonomicky i ekologicky efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. V roce 1955 se fosiln\u00ed paliva pod\u00edlela na sv\u011btov\u00fdch energetick\u00fdch pot\u0159eb\u00e1ch 52%, v roce 1970 se jejich pod\u00edl zv\u00fd\u0161il na 64%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed fosiln\u00ed paliva v\u00edce ne\u017e 85% celosv\u011btov\u00fdch energetick\u00fdch pot\u0159eb, z toho ropa 40%, uhl\u00ed 26% a zemn\u00ed plyn 23%. Tato \u010d\u00edsla odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed celosv\u011btovou z\u00e1vislost na t\u011bchto zdroj\u00edch p\u0159i uspokojov\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00edch energetick\u00fdch pot\u0159eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rizika spojen\u00e1 s fosiln\u00edmi palivy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Dnes se hodn\u011b mluv\u00ed o nebezpe\u010dnosti fosiln\u00edch paliv pro zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ale pro\u010d je tedy nep\u0159estaneme pou\u017e\u00edvat? Je to proto, \u017ee maj\u00ed v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 vlastnosti:<\/strong> maj\u00ed vysokou koncentraci energie v pom\u011bru k objemu, lze je snadno p\u0159epravovat a skladovat, jsou kompatibiln\u00ed s jednoduch\u00fdmi stroji a jsou relativn\u011b levn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdhody v\u0161ak nep\u0159eva\u017euj\u00ed nad nev\u00fdhodami. Tato paliva produkuj\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i jejich spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uvol\u0148uj\u00ed do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad oxid si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fd, kter\u00fd p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke vzniku kysel\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f. Krom\u011b toho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edch paliv vede ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e, plynu, kter\u00fd je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S fosiln\u00edmi palivy jsou spojena i dal\u0161\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. \u00daniky ropy p\u0159i t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a p\u0159eprav\u011b p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed st\u00e1lou hrozbu pro mo\u0159sk\u00e9 a pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my. T\u011b\u017eba uhl\u00ed nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017ee kontaminovat zdroje podzemn\u00edch vod, zp\u016fsobovat kysel\u00e9 d\u016fln\u00ed splachy a po\u0161kozovat vodn\u00ed biotopy. Pevn\u00fd odpad, jako je materi\u00e1l vyt\u011b\u017een\u00fd p\u0159i t\u011b\u017eb\u011b uhl\u00ed, d\u00e1le p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k tlaku na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a pot\u0159eb\u011b odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 likvidace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1sadn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem je, \u017ee fosiln\u00ed paliva nejsou obnoviteln\u00e1, <\/strong>co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jejich dostupnost je omezen\u00e1 a \u017ee se vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00ed v d\u016fsledku vysok\u00e9 popt\u00e1vky po energii. To vede k postupn\u00e9mu zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed cen a p\u0159im\u011blo mnoho zem\u00ed k hled\u00e1n\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch energetick\u00fdch alternativ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto probl\u00e9m\u016f jsou zapot\u0159eb\u00ed politiky a technologie, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed \u010dist\u00e9 a obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie a z\u00e1rove\u0148 sni\u017euj\u00ed z\u00e1vislost na fosiln\u00edch palivech. To povede k ochran\u011b \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed negativn\u00ed dopad fosiln\u00edch paliv na ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, kter\u00e9 d\u00fdch\u00e1me, a na na\u0161e klima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dekarbonizace, obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie, klimatick\u00e9 c\u00edle Evropy do roku 2030<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Navzdory probl\u00e9m\u016fm spojen\u00fdm s vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm fosiln\u00edch paliv existuje d\u016fvod k optimismu p\u0159i pohledu do budoucnosti. P\u0159echod na obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie ji\u017e prob\u00edh\u00e1 a je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm pro rozvoj energetiky. dekarbonizace <\/a>a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed dopadu na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie, jako je slunce, v\u00edtr a voda, nab\u00edzej\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00fd a ekologick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k uspokojov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich energetick\u00fdch pot\u0159eb. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b toho si Evropa stanovila ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 c\u00edle pro rok 2030,<\/a> zav\u00e1zat se ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f a zv\u00fd\u0161it pod\u00edl energie vyroben\u00e9 z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Toto \u00fasil\u00ed nejen\u017ee pom\u016f\u017ee zm\u00edrnit zm\u011bnu klimatu, ale tak\u00e9 vytvo\u0159\u00ed nov\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a pracovn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti v odv\u011btv\u00ed \u010dist\u00e9 energie. D\u00edky c\u00edlen\u00fdm investic\u00edm, technologick\u00fdm inovac\u00edm a celosv\u011btov\u00e9mu z\u00e1vazku m\u016f\u017eeme dos\u00e1hnout p\u0159echodu k udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed budoucnosti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dem k t\u00e9to pozitivn\u00ed zm\u011bn\u011b je obnoviteln\u00e1 energie, kter\u00e1 nab\u00edz\u00ed cestu k \u010dist\u0161\u00edmu, bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu a prosperuj\u00edc\u00edmu sv\u011btu pro budouc\u00ed generace. Zjist\u011bte, jak se na t\u00e9to zm\u011bn\u011b pod\u00edl\u00edme my ve spole\u010dnosti Heiwit: instalujeme fotovoltaick\u00e9 panely na st\u0159echy firem a na\u0161im z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm nab\u00edz\u00edme flexibiln\u00ed a v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 smlouvy na pron\u00e1jem a v\u00fdkup fotovoltaick\u00fdch panel\u016f. V\u00edce se dozv\u00edte na na\u0161ich webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Abbiamo parlato di crisi climatica. Oggi spieghiamo una delle cause che sta generando questo pericoloso fenomeno ambientale. Dietro ai problemi che stanno affliggendo il nostro pianeta, ci sono dei settori economici e industriali che contribuiscono alla creazione di smog e all’emissione di grandi quantit\u00e0 di CO2. L’industria energetica, responsabile di circa i due terzi delle […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":548,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-547","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-approfondimenti"],"yoast_head":"\nEffetti dell'energia da fonti fossili | Heiwit<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gli effetti dell'energia da fonti fossili: emissioni di CO2, smog e conseguenze sul clima, con i dati sui settori che inquinano di piu.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.heiwit.com\/cs\/jake-jsou-ucinky-energie-z-fosilnich-paliv-a-jake-jsou-jejich-dusledky\/\" 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